Special ceramics were developed in the 20th century. Under the promotion and cultivation of modern production and science and technology, special ceramics "proliferated" very quickly. According to the chemical composition, there are:

Special ceramics have been developed with the rapid development of modern electric appliances, radio, aviation, atomic energy, metallurgy, machinery, chemistry and other industries as well as advanced science and technology such as electronic computers, space technology and new energy development. The main raw materials used in these special ceramics are no longer clay, feldspar and quartz. Some of the billets are also made of clay or feldspar. However, more of them are pure oxides and materials with special properties.